MySQL主從replication半同步設(shè)置及支持基于ssl復(fù)制配置

一、mysql的主從復(fù)制過程：

     master中的dump進(jìn)程將二進(jìn)制文件讀出，具有此服務(wù)器中replication client 和replication slave權(quán)限的從服務(wù)器的I/O 線程
  讀入主服務(wù)器的二進(jìn)制文件并記錄到relay-log中，從服務(wù)器的sql線程按照my.cnf中定義的規(guī)則，去讀取relay-log，并更新到數(shù)據(jù)庫中-
 

  
 由上述過程可知，master維護(hù)bin-log ，slave維護(hù)relay-log 從而實(shí)現(xiàn)主從復(fù)制
 
 主從實(shí)現(xiàn)：
    主服務(wù)器中的配置 （172.16.21.1）
#vim my.cnf
[mysqld]
  server-id=1
  sync_binlog=1        //當(dāng)執(zhí)行事務(wù)時(shí)，將產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)和DDL立即同步到binlog中
  innodb_flush_logs_at_trx_commit=1 
    
#service mysqld restart
     登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫并添加用戶，此用戶具有replication client 和replication slave 的權(quán)限
        mysql>grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to repl@'172.16.%.%' identifided by '123456';
        mysql>show grants for  repl@'172.16.%.%';       
        mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 11404543 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
   
    從服務(wù)器中的配置 （172.16.21.2）
      vim my.cnf
       [mysqld]
         server-id=11
         skip_slave_start=1
         read_only=1
        
         #bin-log=mysql-bin
         relay-log=relay-bin
         relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
       登錄數(shù)據(jù)庫，將主服務(wù)器指向172.16.21.1 用戶是repl 密碼為123456  與上面的主服務(wù)器設(shè)置相對應(yīng)
          mysql>change master to master_user='repl',master_host='172.16.21.1',master_bin_log='mysql-bin.000001';
          mysql>start slave;
          mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.16.21.1
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 11404543
               Relay_Log_File: relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 11404689
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 11404543
              Relay_Log_Space: 11404839
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
         
          如果主從服務(wù)器都是第一次搭建，且沒有數(shù)據(jù)存入時(shí)，在開啟slave出錯(cuò)時(shí)的解決方法：
            在主服務(wù)器中的數(shù)據(jù)庫執(zhí)行
             mysql>flush master;    //滾動(dòng)二進(jìn)制日志
            在從服務(wù)器中執(zhí)行
             mysql>flush slave;    //滾動(dòng)中繼日志
         
二、主主復(fù)制：
 
主1：(172.16.21.2)
   如果是第一次開啟：
       開啟二進(jìn)制日志 和中繼日志功能
         [mysqld]
             server-id=1
             log-bin=mysql-bin
             relay-log=relay-bin
             relay-log-index=realy-bin.index
        >grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to repl@'172.16.%.%'
        >change MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.21.1',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456'
              MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=811      //這里的MASTER_LOG_FILE 和MASTER_LOG_POS是主服務(wù)器的
                                                                       show master status；信息
         >start slave;
         >show slave status;
                
 主2：(172.16.21.1)
   如果是第一次開啟：
       開啟二進(jìn)制日志 和中繼日志功能
         [mysqld]
             server-id=1
             log-bin=mysql-bin
             relay-log=relay-bin
             relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
        >grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to repl@'172.16.%.%'
        >change MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='172.16.21.2',MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='123456'
              MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000003', MASTER_LOG_POS=811      //這里的MASTER_LOG_FILE 和MASTER_LOG_POS是主服務(wù)器的
                                                                       show master status；信息
         >start slave;
         >show slave status;
 
三、設(shè)置半同步：
 mysql的主從復(fù)制是基于異步實(shí)現(xiàn)的，可以通過在master端安裝  semisync_master.so 插件
   在slave端安裝 semisync_slave.so 插件來實(shí)現(xiàn)半同步，這里所謂的半同步是當(dāng)一主多從時(shí)，
   主給一個(gè)從實(shí)現(xiàn)同步，當(dāng)此過程超過時(shí)間限定后（通過rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout 來設(shè)置），
   則降級為異步。
  設(shè)置方法：
    主服務(wù)器（172.16.21.1）
       mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master SONAME 'semisync_master.so'; 
       mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1; 
       mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout = 1000; 
     從服務(wù)器（172.16.21.2)
         mysql> INSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_slave SONAME 'semisync_slave.so'; 
         mysql> SET GLOBAL rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1; 
         mysql> STOP SLAVE IO_THREAD; START SLAVE IO_THREAD; 
         // 重啟從服務(wù)器的IO線程 以實(shí)現(xiàn)插件功能
         
查看從服務(wù)器是否開啟semi_sync
 mysql> show global status like 'rpl_semi%';
+----------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name              | Value |
+----------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_slave_status | ON    |
+----------------------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)
 
 查看主服務(wù)器是否開啟semi_sync
  mysql> show global status like 'rpl_semi%';
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                              | Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients               | 1     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits             | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times              | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx                 | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status                | ON    |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures     | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time      | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time          | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits              | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions         | 0     |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx                | 0     |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.01 sec)
         
    上述命令中的set后的參數(shù)可以寫在各自服務(wù)器中的my.cnf  [mysqld] 下，以實(shí)現(xiàn)永久生效
       取消加載插件 可使用命令；
    mysql> UNINSTALL PLUGIN rpl_semi_sync_master;
  
四、基于ssl的主從復(fù)制
    主從復(fù)制是數(shù)據(jù)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中是明文傳輸 所以設(shè)置主從服務(wù)基于ssl的復(fù)制就顯得必要  這里有官方文檔，也可使用下列相關(guān)配置
  官方文檔地址： http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/replication-solutions-ssl.html 
   
    以下配置需要在主從復(fù)制建立的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行，所以只添加ssl的配置選項(xiàng)，其他選項(xiàng)可參照主從復(fù)制配置
     首先分別為主從申請證書(證書申請相關(guān)步驟略過)
     master（172.16.21.1）:
        CA證書：/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
        私鑰：/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key
        服務(wù)器證書：/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt
       
        vim my.cnf   
        [mysqld]
ssl-ca=/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
ssl-cert=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt
ssl-key=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key
#serivce mysqld restart
 
     slave （172.16.21.2）:
        CA證書：/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
        私鑰：/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.key
        服務(wù)器證書：/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.crt
        vim my.cnf
        [client]
        ssl-ca=/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
        ssl-cert=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.crt
        ssl-key=/usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.key
 
service mysqld restart  //因?yàn)橐膍aster的相關(guān)選項(xiàng)，所以重啟mysql不需要立即啟動(dòng)slave，可以在配置文件中定義skip_slave_start=1來實(shí)現(xiàn)之
 
登錄從服務(wù)器mysql 更改master的相關(guān)選項(xiàng)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)ssl功能
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_HOST='172.16.21.1',
    -> MASTER_USER='repl',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
    -> MASTER_SSL=1,
    -> MASTER_SSL_CA = '/etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem',
    -> MASTER_SSL_CAPATH = '/etc/pki/CA',
    -> MASTER_SSL_CERT = '/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.crt',
    -> MASTER_SSL_KEY = '/usr/local/mysql/ssl/master.key';
mysql>start slave;
mysql>show slave status;
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
           Master_SSL_Allowed: Yes
           Master_SSL_CA_File: /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem
           Master_SSL_CA_Path: /etc/pki/CA
              Master_SSL_Cert: /usr/local/mysql/ssl/slave.crt
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key: /usr/local/mysql/slave.key
              
至此基于ssl功能實(shí)現(xiàn)  

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